Econometrica

Journal Of The Econometric Society

An International Society for the Advancement of Economic
Theory in its Relation to Statistics and Mathematics

Edited by: Guido W. Imbens • Print ISSN: 0012-9682 • Online ISSN: 1468-0262

Econometrica: Jan, 2011, Volume 79, Issue 1

The Distribution of Wealth and Fiscal Policy in Economies With Finitely Lived Agents

https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA8416
p. 123-157

Jess Benhabib, Alberto Bisin, Shenghao Zhu

We study the dynamics of the distribution of wealth in an overlapping generation economy with finitely lived agents and intergenerational transmission of wealth. Financial markets are incomplete, exposing agents to both labor and capital income risk. We show that the stationary wealth distribution is a Pareto distribution in the right tail and that it is capital income risk, rather than labor income, that drives the properties of the right tail of the wealth distribution. We also study analytically the dependence of the distribution of wealth—of wealth inequality in particular—on various fiscal policy instruments like capital income taxes and estate taxes, and on different degrees of social mobility. We show that capital income and estate taxes can significantly reduce wealth inequality, as do institutions favoring social mobility. Finally, we calibrate the economy to match the Lorenz curve of the wealth distribution of the U.S. economy.


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Supplemental Material

Supplement to "The Distribution of Wealth and Fiscal Policy in Economics with Finitely Lived Agents"

A zip file containing four matlab programs for the paper and a descriptive pdf file.